Journal of Aquaculture Development

fa تاثیر رژیم‌های غذایی مختلف در مرحله عادت پذیری از غذای زنده به کنسانتره بر شاخص‌های رشد، بازماندگی و فعالیت آنزیم‌های گوارشی لارو تاس‌ماهی ایرانی (Acipenser persicus Borodin, 1897) The effect of different feeding regimes during the habituation stage from live food to concentrate on growth indicators, survival and digestive enzyme activity of Persian sturgeon (Acipenser persicus Borodin, 1897) larvae تخصصي Special پژوهشي Research      این تحقیق با 7 تیمار و 3 تکرار در بخش آبزی پروری انستیتو تحقیقات بین المللی ماهیان خاویاری انجام شد. بدین منظور 1050 عدد لارو تاس‌ماهی ایرانی (Acipenser persicus) با میانگین وزن اولیه 002/0± 076/0 گرم، به طور تصادفی در 21 مخزن گرد پلاستیکی با حجم کل 50 لیتر و 20 لیتر آبگیری (100 عدد  لارو در هر مخزن، 5 عدد در لیتر)، در یک سیستم آب جریاندار (5/0 لیتر در دقیقه در هر مخزن) به مدت 30 روز پرورش داده شدند. لاروها با تیمارهای مختلف غذایی شامل: 1- ناپلی آرتمیا، لارو شیرونومیده و غذای فرموله شده (از روز اول پرورش). 2- ناپلی آرتمیا، لارو شیرونومیده و غذای فرموله شده (از روز نهم پرورش). 3- ناپلی آرتمیا، بیومس آرتمیا و غذای فرموله (از روز اول پرورش). 4- ناپلی آرتمیا، بیومس آرتمیا و غذای فرموله شده (از روز نهم پرورش). 5- ناپلی آرتمیا، بیومس آرتمیا، لاروشیرونومیده و غذای فرموله شده (از روز اول پرورش). 6- ناپلی آرتمیا، بیومس آرتمیا، لاروشیرونومیده و غذای فرموله شده (از روز نهم پرورش) و 7- تغذیه فقط با غذای فرموله شده از ابتدا تا انتهای دوره، پرورش داده شدند. لاروها 12 بار در شبانه روز تغذیه شدند. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین و کمترین درصد بازماندگی بترتیب در تیمارهای 2 و 7 بود (0.05>p). تیمار 4 دارای بیشترین میزان افزایش وزن بود (0.05>p). کمترین افزایش وزن بدن در تیمار 7 ثبت شد (0.05>p). در پایان دوره تحقیق، فعالیت آنزیم‌های لیپاز و آمیلاز در تیمار 2 بصورت معنی‌داری بیش از سایر تیمارها بود (0.05>p). فعالیت آنزیم پپسین در اغلب تیمارها، بصورت معنی‌داری بیش از تیمار 7 بود (0.05>p). فعالیت آنزیم‌های تریپسین در تیمار 4 بشکل معنی‌داری بیش از سایر تیمارها اندازه گیری شد (0.05>p). با توجه به اهمیت بازماندگی در پرورش لارو ماهیان، می‌توان نتیجه گرفت که، وجود لارو شیرونومیده تاثیر قابل توجه ای بر بازماندگی لاروها داشت. لذا در مجموع تیمارهای 1، 2، 5، 6، 3 و 4 بترتیب جهت تغذیه لاروهای تاس‌ماهی ایرانی از ارجحیت بر خوردار بودند. از طرف دیگر با توجه به قیمت بالای لارو شیرونومیده و دشواری تهیه آن می‌توان اظهار داشت که، بیومس آرتمیا نیز می‌تواند به تنهایی (تیمارهای 3 و 4) و در ترکیب با لارو شیرونومیده (تیمارهای 5 و 6) بازماندگی و رشد قابل قبولی را به دنبال داشته باشد. <pre style="text-align:justify"> Introduction: The Persian sturgeon (Acipenser persicus Borodin, 1897) is one of the five species of sturgeon in the Caspian Sea. It is found in the Caspian Sea and the eastern Black Sea and migrates to specific rivers to spawn. Since it prefers warm waters, most of its populations are found near the coastal waters of the southern and southeastern Caspian Sea. Over the past decades, Persian sturgeon have been artificially propagated and fingerling have been released into the Caspian Sea to restore natural stocks. Given Persian sturgeon stocks, have been reported to be at high risk of extinction, its breeding can be a very effective contribution to preserving the stocks of this valuable species. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of feeding different diets on growth, survival, and activity of some digestive enzymes in Iranian carp larvae.</pre> <pre style="text-align:justify"> </pre> <pre style="text-align:justify"> Material and Methods: The research was conducted with 7 treatments and 3 replications in each treatment in the Aquaculture Department of the International Sturgeon Research Institute. For this purpose, the number of 1050 Persian sturgeon (Acipenser persicus Borodin, 1897) larvae, resulting from natural male and female propagation, with an average initial weight of 0.076 ± 0.002 grams, were randomly released in 21 plastic round tanks with a total volume of 50 liters and 20 liters of water (100 larvae in each tank, 5 larvae per liter), in a flow-through system (0.5 liters per minute in each tank) for 30 days with different treatments (T) including: 1- Artemia nauplii+ chironomid larvae + formulated  diet (from the 1st day of rearing), 2- Artemia nauplii + chironomid larvae + formulated diet (from the 9th day of rearing), 3- Artemia nauplii + Artemia biomass + formulated diet (from the 1st day of rearing), 4- Artemia nauplii + Artemia biomass + formulated diet (from the 9th day of rearing), 5- Artemia nauplii + Artemia biomass + chironomid larvae + formulated diet (from the 1st day of rearing), 6- Artemia nauplii + Artemia biomass + chironomid larvae + formulated diet (from the 9th day of rearing) and 7- feeding only with formulated food from the beginning to the end of the period. The larvae were fed 12 times a day. </pre> <pre style="text-align:justify"> </pre> <pre style="text-align:justify"> </pre> <pre style="text-align:justify"> Results and Discussion: The results showed that, the highest and lowest survival rate were in T2 and T7, respectively (p<0.05). T4 had the highest weight gain without statistically significant difference with T2, T5 and T6 (p>0.05).  The lowest increase in body weight was recorded in T7 (p<0.05). The activity of lipase and alpha-amylase enzymes in T2 was significantly higher than others T (p<0.05). Pepsin enzyme activity in most T, was significantly higher than T7 (p<0.05). The activity of trypsin enzymes in T4 was measured significantly more than others T (p < 0.05). Feeding larvae with feeding regime containing chironomid larvae (T2) + formulated diet (9 days after the start of the rearing period) caused a significant increase in survival compared to others T (p<0.05). Considering the importance of survival in fish larval rearing (Kumar Pradhan et al., 2014), it can be concluded that the presence of chironomid larvae had a significant effect on the survival of larvae, especially in T2. Overall, treatments 1, 2, 5, 6, 3, and 4 were preferred for feeding Persian sturgeon larvae, respectively. On the other hand, considering the high price of chironomid larvae and the difficulty of obtaining them, it can be stated, based on the results of the research, Artemia biomass can also result in acceptable survival and growth when used alone (T3 and T4) and in combination with chironomid larvae (T5 and T6). Considering the positive and effective role of using chironomid larvae in feeding sturgeon larvae (Ghorbani Vaghei et al., 2024; Efatpanah et al, 2024, Efatpanah et al., 2021), the limitations of its use (expensiveness and difficulties in obtaining) have led to Artemia biomass also having an acceptable place in feeding sturgeon larvae. Therefore, using Artemia biomass alone or in combination with chironomid larvae can lead to acceptable results (Ghorbani Vaghei et al., 2024). </pre> <pre style="text-align:justify"> </pre> <pre style="text-align:justify"> Conclusion: It can be concluded that changing the larval diet had a statistically significant effect on growth rate, survival rate, and enzyme activity in some treatments. At the end of the research period, feeding the larvae with chironomid larvae and Artemia biomass increased the survival rate and growth of the larvae. This indicated the positive role of chironomid larvae and Artemia biomass in this regard. The lowest survival was recorded in treatment 7. The presence of chironomid larvae and Artemia biomass in the larval feeding regimes, can lead to improved growth, survival, and enzyme activity of Persian sturgeon larvae. Despite the greater benefits of feeding with chironomid larvae, their high cost and difficulty in obtaining them, limit their use. However, the greater abundance of Artemia biomass and its much lower price compared to chironomid larvae have increased the tendency to use Artemia biomass alone or in combination with chironomid larvae to feed sturgeon larvae. </pre> <pre style="text-align:justify"> </pre> <pre style="text-align:justify"> </pre> لارو, تاس‌ماهی ایرانی, شاخص‌های رشد, بازماندگی, رژیم های مختلف غذایی, فعالیت آنزیم Larvae, Acipenser persicus, growth performance, survival, different feeding regimes, enzyme activity 16 34 http://aqudev.lahijan.iau.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-535-3&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Reza Ghorbani Vaghei1 رضا قربانی واقعی1 ghorbani_V2@Yahoo.com 100319475328460012251 100319475328460012251 Yes 1-International Sturgeon Research Institute, Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Rasht, Iran 1-انستیتو تحقیقات بین المللی ماهیان خاویاری، مؤسسه تحقیقات علوم شیلاتی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی (AREEO)، رشت، ایران Zabiollah Pajand1 پژند ذبیح اله1 Zpajand@yahoo.com 100319475328460012252 100319475328460012252 No Mahmoud Mohseni1 محمود محسنی1 mahmoudmohseni73@gmail.com 100319475328460012253 100319475328460012253 No Omid Hashemi2 امید هاشمی hashemiomid@yahoo.com 100319475328460012254 100319475328460012254 No Gwar kavir Aria Company, Rafsanjan. Kerman شرکت گوار کویر آریا، رفسنجان کرمان Hossein Ali Abdolhai3 حسینعلی عبدالحی hossein_abdolhay@yahoo.com 100319475328460012255 100319475328460012255 No Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran مؤسسه تحقیقات علوم شیلاتی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی (AREEO)، تهران، ایران Maryam Monsef Shokri1 مریم منصف شکری1 monsef599@gmail.com 100319475328460012256 100319475328460012256 No Toraj Sohrabi1 تورج سهرابی1 tsohrabi@gmail.com 100319475328460012257 100319475328460012257 No Mir Hammd Sayyad Hasani1 میر حامد سید حسنی1 m.hassani88@yahoo.com 100319475328460012258 100319475328460012258 No